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Sitting in the towering United Nation’s building on New York’s east side, it might be hard for world leaders to picture a destroyed forest, but I know just how depressing the site is. In Indonesia, and elsewhere, we’ve seen vast tracks of land where only the dried-up stumps remain of a vibrant rainforest, which once provided shelter to indigenous people, as well as animals like tiger and orangutan. Globally, the destruction of such forests is also accelerating the very climate change that threatens Manhattan, which is why I spoke at the Multilateral and Multi-stakeholder Action Announcement Session on ‘Forests’ as part of the UN Climate Summit in New York on Tuesday,

My message to politicians and business leaders was clear: Greenpeace welcomes the renewed commitment to halting the loss of natural forests globally, however voluntary commitments cannot replace government action. We need strong laws to protect forests and people. We also need better enforcement of existing laws. While we are celebrating new announcements on paper this week, forests and forest peoples are facing imminent threats that must be averted if we want to live up to the New York Declaration.

Here are five things that governments and my fellow panelists can do to secure the future of the forests and its peoples:

1. Indonesia has taken important steps forward in the past years, and we hope that President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono will leave a strong environmental legacy by seizing the opportunity to pass a strong regulation for the protection of carbon-rich peatlands before the end of his presidential mandate. Peatlands in Indonesia store an estimated 60 billion tonnes of carbon, so their protection is absolutely necessary to reduce the release of climate-changing greenhouse gases and prevent future disastrous forest fires. Like the moratorium that the President initiated, the current regulation needs to be strengthened and its many loopholes eliminated.

2. Brazil showed us the way to reduce deforestation by governance, improving law enforcement and designating indigenous reserves and protected areas. But these hard-won victories are under fierce attacks by some of Brazil’s industrial agriculturalists. Will the government resist the pressure to reduce Indigenous Peoples’ land and forests, and commit instead to strengthening governance in the Amazon and to increasing the amount of protected areas?

3. Greenpeace welcomes Unilever’s high-level engagement, but we question Unilever’s role with the so-called “Sustainable Palm Oil Manifesto”. There is a danger that this group, dominated by Malaysian growers, does not drive genuine change in the palm oil industry and undermines the good work being done to implement “No Deforestation” commitments by some major palm oil producers.